Roof insulation scheme: how to make a roof insulation device

The roof insulation scheme involves the installation of heat-insulating material, its hydro- and vapor barrier, as well as the installation of a wooden counter-lattice to make the structure stable. A detailed description of the structure of the roofing pie, as well as step-by-step instructions for insulation, are presented in this article.

Roofing pie

The construction of an insulated roof differs significantly from a cold roof in the presence of 9-10, and sometimes more layers. Moreover, this is not only the insulation itself, but also vapor barrier, sheathing and other structural elements. If we consider them from the outside to the inside, the sequence will be like this:

1. Roof covering is an outer layer that protects the roof from external influences - precipitation, wind, cold. Often, modern materials are used for this, for example, metal or soft tiles.
2. Sheathing is a wooden frame that serves as the main structure for fastening the roof and ensures uniform load distribution.
3. Roof insulation is a material for protection against condensation. This can be thick polyethylene or other film.
4. The counter-lattice is a mandatory element of the cake, which is needed to create a small gap. This is the ventilation space that is needed for ventilation and creating a normal microclimate in the attic.
5. Roof insulation and materials for it are of great importance, but load-bearing supports play an equally important role.This is a rafter system, which is often made from wooden or metal beam elements. They not only withstand the entire weight, but also the load associated with gusts of wind.
6. Next comes thermal insulation, that is, a layer of insulation. This can be mineral wool, penoplex, polyurethane foam and other materials.
7. There must also be a vapor barrier, i.e. membrane, film that protects the insulation from the inside from condensation formed as a result of temperature differences in the attic and outside.
8. Next comes the rough sheathing - this is a frame made of wooden boards that holds the insulation in an even position.
9. The roof insulation device ends with a finishing layer. It can be rough for future finishing or finishing, without additional work. Sometimes finishing is not required if the room is not planned to be used as an attic.

External insulation

Roof insulation usually starts from the outside, since this is quite enough for a moderately cold winter. But if the climate in the region is harsh or if you plan to use the attic as a living space, be sure to do internal insulation, which is discussed in the next section.

As for the exterior, for this work you will need the following tools and materials:

• screwdriver;
• knife with a sharp blade;
• construction pencil;
• self-tapping screws;
• waterproofing;
• vapor barrier;
• roofing material;
• insulation.

To make a pitched roof pie, proceed as follows:

1. Dense bitumen membranes or other vapor barrier material are placed around the entire perimeter. Films are not recommended because they are not as durable and do not hide unevenness well.The material is glued onto the concrete screed, and the ends are brought behind the ceiling and the seams are soldered.
2. Next, insulation for a warm roof is laid. For this, insulating mats of standard sizes are used, for example, 150 mm thick, 4200 mm long and 1200 mm wide. They are placed end to end, trying to make it as tight as possible.
3. The next step in the instructions on how to make a warm roof is to lay the rolled waterproofing with an overlap of 10-15 cm and secure it with self-tapping screws.
4. Finally, at the last stage, metal tiles or other roofing material are laid.

Internal insulation

Insulating the roof of a house from the outside gives only a relative effect. If reliable protection is required, work is carried out from the inside. The procedure is as follows:

1. The first inner layer is waterproofing, which is fixed with staples using a construction stapler.
2. Next, the counter-lattice is mounted and secured using timber and self-tapping screws.
3. Proper roofing involves installing thermal insulation. If the material is produced in the form of mats, first remove them and allow them to lie flat for several minutes.
4. The mats are cut out after first measuring the interval between the rafters.
5. Insert the material by surprise, as shown in the figure.
6. Next, a vapor barrier is installed - the membrane is also fixed with staples.
7. To ensure that the joints are airtight, the edges of the canvas are glued with construction tape. The design of an insulated roof involves insulating all joints, including at the junction with a window, pipe and other structural elements.
8. A counter-lattice made of wooden boards is placed on the vapor barrier. They are also secured with self-tapping screws.
9. To make the structure reliable, an additional counter-lattice is installed.A second layer of insulation is also laid there - this is especially important for Siberia and the northern regions.

Thus, it is better to insulate the roof from the inside, and it is optimal to do this during the construction stage. Although, even if the structure was erected a long time ago, it is quite possible to install thermal insulation or replace it with a new one. To do this, you will need a minimal set of tools, so you can do the job even without special experience and equipment.