How to choose a solid fuel boiler

Every year the number of models on the solid fuel boiler market increases significantly. These are mainly pyrolysis or conventional boilers. For their combustion, ordinary fuel is often used: wood, coal, pallets. Due to the wide variety, many people wonder how to choose the right boiler? This article will analyze in detail all the features of different models and help you make the right choice.

What kind of solid fuel boilers are there?

Based on their mechanical actions, boilers are divided into types.

Classic

Traditional installation. Main structure: combustion chamber, ash chamber, water tank, chimney. The most common fuels are also used. Firewood, sawdust, pellets. Some also use coal.

There should be natural air circulation in the room used.

The fuel burns for quite a long time; after 6 hours you need to load more fuel. There is an automatic block. Its job is to regulate the air. The combustion process must be controlled. You need to set the temperature on the display yourself.

Quality models always have a traction control. It is needed to ensure that cold enters the chimney from the external environment. Because of this, heat is retained inside the boiler and distributed throughout the house.

Pyrolysis

The main feature is a pair of combustion chambers. The temperature in the lower chamber is very high and there is no oxygen. There's firewood smoldering there.

Carbon dioxide enters the second chamber. Combustion occurs there and the heat exchanger heats up. The fuel burns for a very long time. You need to download no more than 1 time per day.

In some models, traction is adjusted automatically. Some by hand. Before purchasing, it is better to read customer reviews of the product. This will make it easier to make a choice.

Pellet

They are very common in the West. It has a number of advantages over others. It does not require constant human presence to use it. In addition, it is very environmentally friendly.

Pellets are used as fuel. These are small granules. Made from sawdust and wood waste.

Long burning

They are very similar to pyrolysis ones, but their operating mechanism is different. The oven also has two chambers. In the first of which firewood smolders and gases are formed, in the second the gases intersect with air and ignite.

They are divided into several types, due to the number of actions performed by gases. Thus, there are one-chordates, two-chordates, and three-chordates. The third ones are considered the best to use. They extract the maximum heat from the flue gases.

They have a very long burning life. If wood is used as fuel, it will burn for about 3 days. If it is coal, about 5. For fuel, you can also use coke, pellets and petroleum products.

How do solid fuel boilers differ from other types?

A solid fuel boiler is very different from a conventional stove.

Boilers for this purpose are divided into several main types:

• Water heating;
• Convection.

The main difference between a boiler and a stove is the presence of a water jacket.

The boiler must have a heat exchanger. It is washed with water and, with the help of the heating system, distributes heat throughout the house. The entire combustion process and its power is transferred into heat through pipes and batteries.

With the help of water, not only heat transfer occurs, it prevents overheating of the chamber walls. Therefore, high-calorie coal can be used in such boilers.

Well made modern long burning boilers. Coal, firewood, and pellets are usually used as fuel. With one fuel supply, the boiler can burn for up to a day. Some have automatic combustion.

Which solid fuel boiler is better to choose?

Before purchasing, be sure to consider the size of the room. Usually everyone uses the calculation that per 10 sq. meters should generate 1 kW of energy. This is considered normal if the following conditions are met:

• The ceiling is no higher than 3 meters;
• The windows are made to standard;
• The room and the entire house must be well insulated.

For a private home

For example, if your house is 100 square meters. meters, the heat should be more than 10 kW (this will ensure longer heating). Please read the terms and conditions above carefully. At first glance, it may always seem that everything is normal. But there are little things that few people take into account.

Important! You need to choose a boiler that produces a little more heat than the house needs. If it fully complies with the formula of 10 sq. meters per 1 kW of energy, you will have to additionally constantly add firewood.

To avoid such problems, take it with reserve power in mind. For example, if the area of ​​your house is 200 square meters. meters, its heating will require 20 kW. And you need to buy with a reserve, i.e. 30-40 kW.To regulate the combustion intensity, you must use a manual regulator. He is responsible for the air supply.

If the boiler room is very large, you need to install a buffer tank between the boiler and the heating system. The boiler will gradually heat the water, and it, in turn, will accumulate in heat accumulators. After the boiler stops working, it will spread through the pipes and provide heat for a long time.

If you are dependent on a price that suits your pocket, then foreign heaters will be the best option. They are of average cost. But the quality is top notch.

For the dacha

Buying a boiler for a summer residence is no different from choosing a heater for a private home. When purchasing, be sure to pay attention to the following selection criteria:

• How quickly the room heats up;
• How long will the boiler heat the house with one fuel supply?
• Is there a DHW circuit or not?
• How much fuel is consumed?

The best manufacturers of solid fuel boilers

There are many companies involved in the production of solid fuel boilers. These include both foreign and domestic. Best manufacturers:

• Teplodar. A domestic manufacturer operating on the market since 1997. The quality is in no way inferior to foreign manufacturers. Prices are always reasonable and correspond to the cost of goods. Their assortment is small. But many models are also popular on the world market.
• Buderus. This brand has existed since 1731. At the very beginning of its journey, it was not popular for a long time and belonged to the German company of the same name. In 2003, it was acquired by a large company, but it left the business the same. Their products are of high quality.
• Wirbel. A new manufacturer. Gained popularity due to high quality and low cost.They are very easy to use. Steel heat exchangers. There are also dual-circuit models.