Chainsaw device

Gasoline saws are widely used for collecting firewood, clearing areas of thickets of trees and shrubs, during construction work, as well as logging. A simple design with a basic principle of operation effectively performs its task and is distinguished by reliability and durability.

What does a chainsaw consist of?

Different models on the market differ in functionality. But their principle of operation and structure are almost identical.

Structural parts of the device:

• engine;
• carburetor;
• tire;
• chain;
• pens;
• clutch;
• starter;
• auxiliary systems;
• chain brake and tension mechanism;
• muffler.

The carburetor engine runs on an oil-gasoline mixture. The ratio of fuel to oil proportions is indicated in the manufacturer's instructions.

Experts note that the duration of operation of the device without repair depends on its quality.

Chainsaw components

Each element of a hand tool is included in the operating system. Without a reliably debugged circuit, the device will not work for quality. It is important to know how the device works inside and make sure it is working before starting it up.

Knowledge about the systems and components of a chainsaw is extremely important when repairing the device yourself, so as not to cause irreparable damage to it.

Ignition system

Modern models are equipped with an electronic unit, which allows you not to worry about cleaning the contacts, as well as installing them at a certain distance. The system includes a magneto, spark plugs, electronic unit, wiring and power buttons.

The adjustment is set to 28 degrees from the manufacturer. A spark is formed when the piston reaches a certain level.

Carburetor assembly

The system is necessary for continuous operation of the internal combustion engine. Most manufacturers equip their models with a carburetor from a well-known brand. The structures are almost identical, which makes it easier to repair and replace them yourself if necessary.

The carburetor unit is responsible for the operation of the entire device:

• in the lower part the damper opens, reacting to the start of the internal combustion engine;
• the piston moves;
• air flows are sucked through the diffuser;
• fuel passes through the installed fitting in the chamber;
• converted into a mixture, enriched with oxygen;
• enters the descent channels;
• moves on, straight into the combustion compartment.

By determining the operating conditions and adjusting the damper, the operator controls the saturation of the fuel mixture with oxygen.

Clutch mechanism

Centrifugal type of system. It is triggered at the moment when the engine speed has reached the required number of revolutions. The main advantage of such a system is considered to be the slipping of the couplings in the event of a chain jam. The engine continues to run and does not stall.

Fuel supply

The gasoline tank does not always have a pump.When the volume decreases, air gets inside, this leads to a stop in supply, so the system is equipped with a breather. When it gets dirty, the tool starts to stall. The problem is obvious.

Cleaning the air inside the chamber

The membranes are installed in several stages, from preliminary to final. This is necessary to create an ideal fuel-air mixture without gases. Only in this case will the engine work efficiently and for a long time.

Dirty filters lead to low air supply to the carburetor section. Visually this is manifested by a decrease in the power of the device.

Starter device

A simple mechanism required to spin the crankshaft. It consists of a handle, cable, drum and return spring. The fuel mixture located in the engine is under the pressure of the piston. When the drum is turned quickly, a spark ignites and causes the engine to ignite and start.

Lubrication mechanism

The chain, as well as the tool guide bar, are made of durable metal. Rapid rotation causes friction and wear on parts of the chainsaw. Metal parts need to be constantly lubricated and cooled.

The oil pump is responsible for this work, which turns on automatically when the engine starts. The feeding frequency directly depends on the operating speed.

Chain brake

Sharp teeth pose a serious danger. Even a fleeting touch can result in serious injury. Therefore, the system has a special brake that is activated in the event of a kickback.

There are inertial and contact spare parts. Experts note that the former work much more quickly than the latter. Before starting work, check its serviceability.We do not recommend using a chainsaw if the brake is broken.

Chain tension

Required Tension chains with teeth provides a simple pin and screw system. It can be easily adjusted with a screwdriver, observing the specifics of the work at the site.

Check the tension before starting a session with the device.

Knowing the principles of starting and the main systems inside the chainsaw, it is much easier to work with it. Study the structure of the device to better understand the operating principle of the engine and main systems.