Types of kitchen hoods

The availability of a large selection of hoods of various designs allows you to feel comfortable in a kitchen equipped with modern appliances. The absence of odors, burning and smoke is due to the competent organization of air flows, even in a small room. The biggest smoke comes from home stoves.

Individual types and their descriptions

Depending on the task and the requirements for ventilation equipment for the kitchen, hoods are divided according to various criteria:

• functional features of operation;
• design features;
• operating principle;
• noisiness;
• productivity;
• form of equipment;
• availability of additional functions.

A separate type among the varieties of modern kitchen hoods is fireplace ventilation equipment. The design features of these units, both in shape and principle, are identical to kitchen units. A distinctive feature of the operation of fireplace hoods is increased productivity, frequent need for maintenance and filter changes. Such units are made in the form of a truncated cone or pyramid attached to a wall or ceiling.

What are the differences in design?

Based on the shape and method of fastening the ventilation equipment, the following types of kitchen hoods are distinguished:

1. Flat hoods.Such units are compactly installed in a room for any purpose and do not require connection to a central ventilation system or an air duct. The attractiveness of these designs is the ability to save space in small kitchen spaces and fit into any interior without disturbing the semantic design. The big disadvantage of such a unit is the frequent need to replace filter elements. Based on the type of installation that exists, this structure is classified as an attachment and is placed directly above the stove.
2. Dome hoods. Such ventilation equipment is equipped with a powerful engine and has high performance. These designs are used in the presence of a fireplace to create a better air exchange flow indoors, allowing to improve the microclimate in remote corners of the room. Used in the presence of a central ventilation system. Due to powerful fans located inside the equipment, the housing and ventilation duct have increased dimensions. Such a unit is attached to the wall, sometimes to the ceiling, as close as possible to the house ventilation. Such hoods are installed in spacious rooms with increased requirements for air exchange.
3. Island or T-shaped structures have the same functional purpose as dome ones. The appearance distinguishes these units by their greater ability to fit into the kitchen, due to the variety of decorative design of the body parts and the air duct of the hood. Thanks to powerful electric motors, they have great productivity. Used in the presence of home ventilation. Depending on the design of the central ventilation system, installation only to the ceiling or in combination with wall fasteners is possible.
4. Hoods that are installed in the corner of a room are called corner hoods. The external design of such a unit, depending on the design, resembles a dome or T-shaped design, with angular shapes of the lower air intake part. The specificity of this arrangement is determined by the design of the central ventilation duct or the desire to install the stove in the corner of the built-in kitchen furniture. Such hoods have high performance. These structures are attached to the wall.
5. One of the popular design types of ventilation equipment is built-in units. Manufacturers of kitchen appliances offer a huge selection among their product range. Hoods can differ both in size, using the standard width of hanging shelves: 45, 60 and 90 cm, and in performance. Operating modes (2 or 3), backlighting and the presence of a telescopic retractable panel.
6. Inclined hoods have become widespread in the last few years. They are the same island models, only with a modified design of the lower plane panel. Fasteners and functionality correspond to the T-shaped design.
7. Types by type of work

ATTENTION! Not all foreign manufacturers strictly adhere to the standard sizes of hanging shelves. When purchasing equipment, the compliance of adjacent planes must be checked.

Most built-in models are connected to a central ventilation system. The ability to place furniture inside preserves the desired interior of the kitchen. The fastening features of such structures require perseverance when installing inside a hanging cabinet.

IMPORTANT! The area of ​​the bottom plane of all types of ventilation equipment must correspond to or exceed the size of the slab.

The distance from the stove to the unit is left at least:

• 65 cm for electric stoves;
• 75 cm – for gas ones.

Depending on the principle of operation, the equipment is:

• recirculation;
• flow-through;
• combined.

The recirculation method is the basis of flat, hanging-type structures. The peculiarity of this method allows you to install a hood even where there has never been a central ventilation system. By passing air through its own filters, such a unit cleans the air of fats, odors and fumes. The need to regularly replace filters makes the operation of such equipment not very efficient. But, in the absence of home ventilation and the need for air purification, it allows it to be the only possible use.

The possibility of removing air, through a ventilation duct made of corrugated pipes or pipes, into the central ventilation system makes flow-type units popular. The operation of such kitchen appliances does not require frequent replacement of filters, and at the same time, it allows intensive removal of air, which is randomly replaced by new flows of air masses entering through the open windows of a house or apartment.

To use both methods of changing air flows, combined hoods are used. This method of operation is found mainly in built-in models. The need to use such hoods is associated with poor permeability of house ventilation ducts.

All hood designs are equipped with aluminum filters that trap particles of fat and oil. Externally, this filter looks like a mesh with small cells.When cooking, microparticles are deposited on the mesh, and over time they become clogged. Once the filter has lost its capacity, it must be replaced or thoroughly washed. Manufacturers of ventilation units recommend certain filter maintenance periods, depending on the cross-section of the element and operating conditions.

ATTENTION! For proper operation of the equipment, regular replacement of filters is required. A long period of operation without replacing the filter elements entails a decrease in technical characteristics, and as a result, improper air exchange in the room.

Recirculating hoods use carbon filter elements. This material is capable of absorbing unpleasant odors. But needs frequent replacement. It is impossible to clean such filters from grease, so maintenance by washing or blowing is excluded.

An important characteristic of the performance of a kitchen hood is performance. Dome and T-shaped units have higher fan power. And built-in and flat structures are divided into:

• installations with low productivity - up to 700 cubic meters. m;
• average capacity – up to 1500 cubic meters;
• over 1500 cubic meters m.

The choice of unit performance depends on the area of ​​the room in which it will be installed. For a kitchen with an area of ​​10 sq. m, the use of equipment with a capacity of up to 800 cubic meters is quite acceptable. A larger room will require increased air exchange. Considering the possibility of using the hood at different speeds, the choice of equipment is made with a margin, calculating the air flow for an intermediate speed.

Comparison

To make the right choice of ventilation unit, let’s compare some models from popular manufacturers.

Specific differences and similarities between different models

For a comparative assessment of ventilation equipment, it is necessary to study the technical parameters of popular models.

The classic design model “Krona Camilla 600” has a built-in design for a 60 cm wall cabinet. Capacity is 550 cubic meters per hour, three operating modes, a return drip and a retractable air intake surface. The hood is equipped with backlighting by two low-power lamps, has a mechanical control, is equipped with an anti-grease filter for operation in recirculation mode, and the noise level is 38 dB.

The budget built-in unit “Elicor Integra 60” has exactly the same width and a telescopic air intake screen. Two operating modes, mechanical buttons and a capacity of 400 cc. m/hour, allow you to use equipment both with and without a home ventilation system. The presence of lighting makes it comfortable to use the equipment in dimly lit kitchens. The noise level is 55 dB.

A similar model from the popular manufacturer of household appliances Siemens is equipped with two motors that have three operating modes. One of them is capable of clearing a room of excess odors in a matter of seconds. Capacity 740 cc. m/hour and the use of LED lamps confirms the leading position of the global brand. The noise when the engine is running in intensive mode is 68 dB, there is no check valve, and there is a retractable air intake panel.

The three hoods reviewed have the same overall size, corresponding to the width of the stove, and a built-in installation method in kitchen furniture.Performance and noise levels vary significantly. The well-known global brand does not equip its equipment with a check valve and recirculation mode, but at the same time it has the ability to quickly clean the room from unwanted air masses. Differences in technical characteristics will allow the consumer to make a choice depending on the required installation conditions.

Comparison of various ventilation units of other designs will allow us to compare the similarity of power of different manufacturers and models. For example, the Hansa OKC 6726 IH fireplace hood has a capacity of 620 cubic meters per hour, and the inclined Bosch DWK095G60R has a capacity of 580 cubic meters. m/hour. Both have similar power, but different design and purpose.

Which type to choose

The decision to purchase one or another type of ventilation equipment depends on the requirements that are placed on it. If preserving the interior design is important to the kitchen, this entails the possibility of using a built-in design. With increased requirements for air exchange, the use of a dome or T-shaped hood would be the right solution.

Having understood the features of the technical indicators and designs of ventilation units, the consumer can competently select the required household appliances not only for himself, but also for loved ones.